Optimizing Performance Metrics and Mechanistic Considerations in 3D Battery Development

There’s an urgent need for better energy storage devices to power everything from small gadgets to electric cars and grid systems. These next-generation batteries need to be powerful, fast-charging, versatile, and safe. To reach these high standards, we have to get creative, combining cutting-edge materials and advanced designs. One promising approach is developing 3D batteries.

But, there are big challenges in making all the parts of a battery work together in a true 3D structure. In this Review, we’ll talk about where 3D batteries stand, recent progress in how they work, and what we still need to do to turn these ideas into practical solutions.